Girardelli, PaoloChercheur invité dans le domaine "Histoire de l'architecture" (mi-mars à mi-juin 2013)

Biographie
Paolo Girardelli, professeur agrégé au Département d'histoire à l'Université Bogaziçi à Istanbul, a reçu son doctorat de l'Université de Naples en 1995. Ses publications, ses activités de recherche et d'enseignement se concentrent sur les liens entre identité, architecture et culture visuelle, la perception européenne de l'architecture ottomane, et les différentes formes de métissage nées de la rencontre des architectes européens avec la culture ottomane dans les XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, et sur la dimension multiculturelle de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme dans la Méditerranée orientale au cours de la période ottomane tardive. Il a participé à plusieurs congrès internationaux, y compris le colloque de 2012 de l'Urban History Association (Columbia University). Depuis 2010, il collabore à un projet financé par le département de la planification de la République de Turquie pour la conservation et la réutilisation comme centre de recherche d'une maison côtière du XIXe siècle sur la rive européenne du Bosphore. Il travaille actuellement sur un projet de livre intitulé « Paysages de la question d'Orient. Architecture et géopolitique à Istanbul, 1774-1919". Ce travail est fondé sur le changement de l'image et des caractéristiques architecturales des bâtiments des ambassades des puissances européennes à Istanbul, et a été soutenu par le Programme Aga Khan d'architecture islamique au MIT et par la Fondation Graham.

Bibliographie
“Italian Architects in an Ottoman Context. Perspectives and Assesments”, IAE (Istanbul Arastirmalari Enstitusu) Yıllığı – Istanbul Research Instıtute Yearbook, Suna and İnan Kıraç Foundation, n. 1, 2012, pp. 101-122

“D'Aronco : Architect to a New Society”, Cornucopia, 46, 2011, 72-93.

“Between Rome and Istanbul : Architecture and Material Culture of a Franciscan Mission in the Ottoman Capital, 1762-1831”, Mediterranean Studies (Manchester University Press), 2010, pp. 162-188.

“Sheltering Diversity. Levantine Architecture in Late Ottoman Istanbul”, in Multicultural Urban Fabric and Types in the South and Eastern Mediterranean, edited by Maurice Cerasi, Attilio Petruccioli, Adriana Sarro and Stefan Weber, Beiruter Texte und Studien, Herausgegeben vom Orient-Institut, Beirut (2007) : 113-40

“Dolmabahce and the Old Ciragan Palace in the European Sources”, proceedings of the international conference Dolmabahce Palace 150 Years Old, TBMM, Department of National Palaces, Istanbul, 23-26 November 2006.

“Una città nella città. La Società Operaia e le architetture della comunità italiana di Istanbul”, in A. De Gasperis and R. Ferrazza, eds., Gli Italiani di Istanbul. Figure, comunità e istituzioni dalle Riforme alla Repubblica, 1839-1923, proceedings of the international conference, Istanbul, Italian Cultural Institute, Oct. 18-20, 2006 (Fondazione Agnelli, Centro Altreitalie, 2007) : 207-18.

“Alchimie dell'identità. La città cosmopolita al di là del Corno d'Oro/Alchemies of Identity : the Cosmopolitan City beyond the Golden horn”, in Abitare, May 2007 (special issue on Istanbul), pp. 122-27

“Architecture, Identity and Liminality : on the Use and Meaning of Catholic Spaces in Late Ottoman Istanbul”, Muqarnas. An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World, 22, (2005) : 233-64.

Projet de recherche
The Architecture of the Eastern Question : Politics, Patronage and Theory around the Palais de France in Istanbul during the XVIII and XIX Centuries

This research is part of a larger, ongoing project on the “Landscapes of the Eastern Question”, focused on the embassy buildings and other European structures in Istanbul during the 18th and 19th century. The history of diplomatic architecture in the capital of the Ottoman empire is closely intertwined with power balances in a dramatically changing world order. The case of the French embassy at the Porte is possibly the clearest example of this dynamics, and this research at INHA will clarify several problematic points of its architectural and cultural history.
Between 1770 and 1850, the French palace and other European landmarks changed several times their overall architectural and stylistic features. Wooden structures of the local Ottoman type gave way to Greek-revivalist, Palladian or generally neo-classical patterns. The reasons and context of these changes will be investigated in depth. Crucial steps in the history of French palace were the 1775 project commissioned by count de St Priest, the reconstruction after the fire of 1831 (by P. Laurecisque with the initial contribution of Ch. Texier), the inclusion of an orientalist hall in the second half of the 19th century, and the additions that changed its axis at the beginning of the 20th. While the main seat of the embassy was transformed in a monumental and classicizing direction, the summer residence on the Bosporus shore remained essentially local, notwithstanding several projects (signed by French and Ottoman architects) that envisaged its replacements with more “French” looking buildings. These changes and the ambivalent attitudes behind them will be evaluated in the complex historical, architectural and urban context that framed them, with the aid of materials preserved in several Parisian institutions, including the collections of INHA and the diplomatic archives at La Courneuve.